The Viennese School Essay -- Musical Composers Classical Style Essays

The Viennese SchoolThe Viennese School is the reason for some of todays most popular classical music. This school of composers started during the undefiled Period, 1740-1825.At the time the Austrian capital of capital of Austria was the musical center for composers, which soon became reason for umteen of the changes that were made to musical style. Composers came from all over Europe to train in capital of Austria in the classical time period. One of the great composer that came to Vienna is Franz Schubert he soon started a style of music called Viennese School that made many changes to the style of music as well as changes to instrumentation. The arrangements became one form to another while keeping certain similar characteristics, music became lighter and much complex, and melodies and harmonies became much complicated with more separate parts happening all at once. The instrumentation that was popular also changed. Solos, trios, quartets, and quintets became popular, beside la rge orchestras. The three composers that made the music, which ar called the founding fathers of the Viennese School, are Mozart, Haydn, and Beethoven. These composers studied together sometimes with one taking lessons from another. Mozart took lessons from Haydn when he was a young musician, also Beethoven took lessons from Mozart. Beethoven was taught by Haydn. Mozart, Haydn, and Beethoven are known for their similarities in their musical style. They all seemed to follow a set of basic rules wh... The Viennese School Essay -- Musical Composers Classical Style EssaysThe Viennese SchoolThe Viennese School is the reason for some of todays most popular classical music. This school of composers started during the Classical Period, 1740-1825.At the time the Austrian capital of Vienna was the musical center for composers, which soon became reason for many of the changes that were made to musical style. Composers came from all over Europe to train in Vienna in the classi cal time period. One of the great composer that came to Vienna is Franz Schubert he soon started a style of music called Viennese School that made many changes to the style of music as well as changes to instrumentation. The arrangements became one form to another while keeping certain similar characteristics, music became lighter and more complex, and melodies and harmonies became more complicated with more separate parts happening all at once. The instrumentation that was popular also changed. Solos, trios, quartets, and quintets became popular, beside large orchestras. The three composers that made the music, which are called the founding fathers of the Viennese School, are Mozart, Haydn, and Beethoven. These composers studied together sometimes with one taking lessons from another. Mozart took lessons from Haydn when he was a young musician, also Beethoven took lessons from Mozart. Beethoven was taught by Haydn. Mozart, Haydn, and Beethoven are known for their similarities in th eir musical style. They all seemed to follow a set of basic rules wh...

James Watt :: essays research papers

James Watt was born February 19, 1736 and died onAugust 19, 1889. As a infant he was often sick. This unploughed James out of school. His mother had to teachhim how to read and write. James suffered fromsevere headaches, so many people thought he wasretarded. Little did they know that this child that mostpeople didnt consider normal would lead America toone of the most important stages The IndustrialRevolution. It all started when he traveled to Englandto release a mechanic. Then he decided to come backto Scotland. This is where he met Joseph Black.Black though him some thing that he foundinteresting astir(predicate) steam. This got Watt started inthinking about how to make Newcomms steam enginebetter. So in 1764 he got his first real challenge. Hegot one of Newcomms weapons that could non berepaired. He repaired that machine without anyproblem. Watt had one problem, he had no idea whysomeone would be satisfied with a machine like this. James decided to make a practical steam e ngine, thisresulted in cheaper conveyance of titleation. This was possiblebecause in 1869 Watt came up with the condenser (achamber for distill the steam) witch he gotpatented.During all this commotion Watt decided to getmarried to his cousin Margaret Miller, who died nineyears after there marriage. Although they still had sixsomechildren together. Watt then decide to marry hissecond wife Ann MacGreagor, which they went on tohave two children.James was able to keep wealthy by teaming up withhuge manufactures. They wanted Jamess engine todo thing like pump water out of coal mines and puttingthem in locomotives to transport goods. The final partof the steam engine was a invented in 1790. It was agauge that make the steam much safer. It read theamount of steam drag produced in side the tank.

The Effects of Acid Deposition on Humans and the Environment :: Environmental Ecology Essays Pollution Acid Rain

battery-acid DepositionOne of the biggest environmental businesss that needs dealing with in society today is acid witness. It is largely caused by humans, and causes much pollution to the environment and harms people and buildings as well. Although there are minimal positive sides to this issue, the negatives far outweigh it and call people around the world to take action to reduce and even solve this problem. Coming in both wet and dry forms, acid deposition consists of acidic pollutants including nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides that have been deposited from the atmosphere to the surface of the earth. There are both wet and dry forms of acid deposition, wet forms being referred to as acid precipitation. Acid precipitation is the result of sulfur and nitrogen oxides answering in the atmosphere with water vapor. This returns to the earth as acid rain or snow. Dry deposition occurs when these oxides react without water and they settle out of the atmosphere onto the earth. Acid deposition can come from a number of different sources such as smokestacks, trucks and cars. More than 90% of the sulfur in the atmosphere comes from humans. Coal burning, the smelting of metal sulfide ores, and automobile exhaust are major human contributions to sulfur dioxide in the atmosphere. Similarly, 95% of the change magnitude nitrogen oxide levels in the atmosphere are a result of the activities of humans. The activity that contributes the most to these elevated levels is the combustion of oil, coal, and gas. Attention was first drawn to acid deposition in the 17th century when the bad effects of industry and acidic pollution on both vegetation and people were noticed. In the 1960s, it became an international problem when fishermen noticed declines in fish numbers and diversity in lakes across North America and Europe. Acid deposition causes many problems such as these worldwide, and is clearly a problem that needs to be properly dealt with.There are different negative a ffects of acid deposition to different environments on the earth. In soils where a possible buffer of basic material isnt as great, plant nutrients are often lost, the germination of seeds and the growth of young seedlings are hurt, and plants may call on over-fertilized by nitrogen. The plants in this instance often experience reduction in growth rates, flowering ability, and overall yield. This makes the plants more vulnerable to disease, insects, drought, and frost. Trees are also unnatural by acid deposition.

Essay examples --

In todays society, one of the most natural human traits is selfishness. David Foster Wallace incorporated this idea in his commencement speech at Kenyon College in 2005. Wallace aims to persuade his consultation that, the most obvious, ubiquitous, important existingities are often the ones that are the hardest to see and talk about. Although the intended audience of his speech is the graduates and staff, along with their friends and family, the piece has become quite popular since its delivery. Wallace offers, nothing less than the truth and captivates the listeners with his complete honestly. His personal tone lets the audience feel care they are a part of the conversation, rather than just receiving it. Wallace successfully conveys his message that society is blind to the world around them through the use of logic, humility and mad appeals. The speech is arranged into short paragraphs, providing an example in almost every one. Everyone is familiar with commencement speeches. T hey are usually used to congratulate a company of people and tend to be looking towards the future. Instead of congratulating the students at Kenyon College, Wallace challenges them. The essay opens with a metaphor about two young fish that do not realize what water is, setting the tone for the rest of the speech. Wallace proceeds to describe how completely oblivious society is to the world around us, just like the fish. Wallace supports this deal through examples within the speech. His use of examples rather than facts or statistics weakens his claim. If more facts or statistics were used his claim would become more convincing. His rationalization come in the do of the short stories that illustrate the choices people make in their everyday lives. He... ...ow the audience to visualize the event and becomes more relatable. Listeners are able to emotionally identify with the site and reflect in order to give other the benefit of the doubt. The speech could be improved with more f acts or statistics. Wallace uses rhetorical devices to create his argument, which could be seen as ironic due to his death. He attempted to influence others but struggled with an everyday battle that he could not overcome. His approach to life is understood, but maintaining that approach proves to be difficult. Through the use of dramatization and figurative language, Wallace is able to appeal the audience and leave them with the idea that, It is about simple awarenessawareness of what is so real and essential, so hidden in plain sight all around us, that we have to keep reminding ourselves, over and over This is water, this is water.

Free Process Essays - How to Organize a Paintball Event :: Expository Process Essays

How to Organize a Paintball EventEver dream of shooting your boss or coworkers? Perhaps you will get the chance if you offer to organize a company paintball event. It is a great way to promote teamwork and relieve aggression. Even if the coworker from inferno is on the same team as you, keep back in mind there is such a thing as friendly fire ( incidentally shooting someone on your team). The first step is to check out local fields. Some things to look for are, the ratio of referees to players, goggle signs, barrel plugs and personality of the staff. Typically, playacting fields are crowded on the weekend. Most fields will open during the week for a group of twenty or more, but do ask. Price is also a consideration this is an expensive hobby. Expect to pay at least $85 for a case of paint, goggle rental and a paintball marker (gun) rental for a four-hour session. Preferably, try to plan the outing when the weather is comfortable. Playing in the 100 degree Texas heat would be rough on most corporate types. On the day of the event, it is best to dress in layers. Being hit with a paintball does sting. I recommend wearing gloves and a wear as hands longings and headshots seem to hurt the most. Wear comfortable shoes, cleats if possible, if not tennis shoes with good tread. Most often, the playing fields are on grass or dirt surfaces. Usually fields have food and drinks for sale but to be on the safe side bring water, as dehydration is common for rookie players.The first stop after arriving at the field is the Staging Area. This area typically has tables to set your equipment on. After choice up the equipment from the staff, the referee will discuss how the markers (guns) work, how to fill the hoppers (what holds the paintballs) and most importantly safety issues. The first is, everyone chronographs their guns to be certain no one is shooting hot over 300 fps (feet per second). Secondly, always wear goggles. Eye injuries are the biggest injury risk of playing p aintball and wearing goggles faithfully will prevent it. Thirdly, keep the barrel plug in the gun until the game begins. That way if your finger accidentally pulls the trigger the barrel plug slows down the velocity of the paintball and likely will not cause an injury.

Free Process Essays - How to Organize a Paintball Event :: Expository Process Essays

How to Organize a Paintball EventEver dream of shooting your boss or coworkers? Perhaps you will get the luck if you offer to organize a company paintball event. It is a great way to promote teamwork and relieve aggression. Even if the coworker from hell is on the same team as you, keep in mind there is such a thing as friendly fire (accidentally shooting someone on your team). The graduation step is to check out local fields. Some things to look for are, the ratio of referees to players, goggle signs, barrel plugs and personality of the staff. Typically, playing fields are crowded on the weekend. Most fields will open during the week for a group of twenty or more, but do ask. Price is also a consideration this is an expensive hobby. Expect to pay at least $85 for a case of paint, goggle rental and a paintball marker ( atom smasher) rental for a four-hour session. Preferably, show to plan the outing when the weather is comfortable. Playing in the 100 degree Texas heat would be rou gh on most corporate types. On the twenty-four hours of the event, it is best to dress in layers. Being hit with a paintball does sting. I recommend tire outing gloves and a hat as handshots and headshots seem to hurt the most. crumble comfortable shoes, cleats if possible, if not tennis shoes with good tread. Most often, the playing fields are on grass or dirt surfaces. normally fields have food and drinks for sale but to be on the safe side bring water, as dehydration is common for rookie players.The rootage stop after arriving at the field is the Staging Area. This area typically has tables to set your equipment on. After picking up the equipment from the staff, the referee will wrangle how the markers (guns) work, how to fill the hoppers (what holds the paintballs) and most importantly safety issues. The first is, everyone chronographs their guns to be certain no one is shooting hot over 300 fps (feet per second). Secondly, always wear goggles. Eye injuries are the biggest injury risk of playing paintball and wearing goggles faithfully will prevent it. Thirdly, keep the barrel plug in the gun until the game begins. That way if your finger accidentally pulls the trigger the barrel plug slows down the velocity of the paintball and likely will not cause an injury.

Percy Jackson and the Lightning Theif Essay

Percy Jackson and the Lightning Thief is an amazing book (in my opinion) that was created by Rick Riordan. I enjoyed this book a lot because of altogether the detain that Mr. Riordan had put into the book and with all of the facts ab out(a) Ancient Greek myths, I picked it out in the first place because I had became really kindle in finding out about different cultures which included Greece . The main character, Percy Jackson, lives in New York city with his mother, fling Jackson & his lazy standard-father, Gabe Ugliano. Later on in the story, Percy finds himself living in Camp Half-Blood with his best friend, Grover Underwood.Camp Half-Blood is for children with Greek Godly parents. All children who go to the camp have ADHD & Dyslexia. The camp is on Long Island Sound and is funded by a strawberry farm that the camp takes care of. I think that the book is placed in the modern eld. You poop figure it out because in the camp, you are forbidden from bringing any electronics, suc h as cell phones since it can easily attract monsters. One of the main events in the book is when Percy and his class are on a field trip to the Museum of Natural History.As his history teacher, Mr.Brunner babbles on about the museum, Ms. Dodds (a teacher who came a tenacious) pulls Percy aside from the aggroup and into the Roman & Greek center. Just after entering the room (no one else is in there), Ms. Dodds turns into this hideous monster with glowing red eyes, wings & long fingers. Obviously, she wasnt human. Ms. Dodds lunges at Percy (who was still confused and shocked) until Mr. Brunner comes running into the room. The history teacher throws a pen at Percy and out comes a sword that Mr. Brunner used in class during special events.Percy kills Ms.Dodds after that (she turns into gold dust) and later returns to the school bus. Nobody in his class remembers Ms. Dodds & when Percy asked Grover, he looked very nervous before replying. Obviously, something was going on. A second ma jor event is when Percy and his mom go to Montauk & stay in a cabin at the beach where his mother and father had met. Later at night, a hurricane is starting to form & Grover suddenly shows up with (as Percy describes it) Shag carpet pants on . Grover influences Percy and his mom to leave immediately &the three of them hop into Sallys car.Percy soon learns that Grover is actually a satyr though he had called him a half-goat at first which offended Grover. As their car speeds away from the cabin, a strike of lightening hits the car which makes the car swivel into a ditch giving them an image of a beast of some sort charging towards their car. The three of them cope the car and run (Though Grover was unconscious). The beast was actually a minotaur (half-man, half-bull) and it kills Sally. Percy builds up his strength and pulls out its horn and stabs it, turning it into dust.He soon passes out. That event gave Percy the urge to go rescue is mother from the Underworld. . Later in the story, Percy finds out who his father really is. The camp decides to play capture the flag. Percy is assigned to patrol a humbled creek by Annabeth Chase (daughter of Athena) & is suddenly attacked by a group of Ares children, Clarisse La Rue & her siblings. They came corroborate for revenge because he had humiliated her and her siblings by snapshot toilet water in their faces just as Clarisse was about to shove his face into the toilet.Clarisse charges at Percy with her electric spear given to her as a impart and Percy stumbles into the creek. Instead of feeling weak, he suddenly feels a sudden surge of power go with his r his head. Poseidon. . . Earth shaker, Storm binger, Father of horses, spat Perseus Jackson. son of the Sea God. body. But then something happened. The water seemed to wake my senses, as if Id just had a bag of my moms double-espresso jellify beans . Percy, suddenly feeling a lot of strength, fights back against Clarisse & her siblings until they are all d efeated. Percy even snaps Clarisses spear in half.Luke Castellan (son of Hermes) captures the flag for Percys team & Percy tries to step out of the water, suddenly feeling weak again. Suddenly, a black hound the size of a rhino, with lava-red eyes and fangs like daggers appears out of nowhere and attacks Percy, ripping through his armour. Chiron (Aka Mr. Brunner and centaur) shoots several arrows at it and Percy staggers back into the water and an image of a trident appears ove Another main event is when Percy finds out who had stolen Zeus Master & Hades direct of Darkness before returning to camp half-blood, Percy had gotten into fight with Ares, the God of War.The war God had given Percy a backpack in the beginning of his quest & wrong of it was Zeus bolt the entire time. Ares confesses that he stole the Helm of Darkness and Lightning Bolt from the original thief, planning on making a war amongst Hades & Zeus. Percy and Ares get into a fight & Percy eventually wins, earning the Helm of Darkness, A helmet of Hades that was stolen from him. Percy, Annabeth & Grover fly to New York from California to return the bolt to Mt. Olympus on the natural elevation of Empire State Building. Percy returns the lightning bolt alone while Annabeth & Grover go back to the camp.After returning the bolt, Percy meets his father and who had acknowledged him as his son. Percy returns to Camp Half-Blood as a hero & at the end of summer, Luke Castellan confesses to Percy that he had stolen the bolt & helm before attempting to kill him with a scorpion. Luke runs away while Percy is saved by a group of wood nymphs . The main character is of course, Percy Jackson . He is described fairly tall, good looking with bright green eyes and jet black hair. Percy is introduced as a troubled twelve year old. His green eyes often remind his mother of his father. Percy is considered very troubled.He gets irritated when called by his first disclose which is Perseus and has been expelled from e very single school that he had been to. Throughout the book, Percy becomes stronger in both physical and mental ways. He becomes more brave, confident, and learns that he is a natural leader. Percy is too very willing to risk his life for others. He showed that trait by journeying to the underworld to get his mother back. Percy hopes that he can bring back Zeus Master Bolt & get his mother back before its too late. Percy is described the protagonist in the book while the enemy isnt exactly shown until later in the book.While Percy, Annabeth and Grover do the best they can while out on the quest, Luke Castellan was the unsuspecting villain. Luke always acted nice towards Percy, hard to get close. When he had given Percy flying shoes to help him in the quest, Luke had meant it to lead Percy to his death. Overall, I enjoyed this book a lot and I give it a nine out of ten. The book is filled with lots of adventure (theres never a dull moment) comedy & things that bulk now a days wou ld consider, fake or untrue even though it is very interesting.I recommend this book to all ages but a bit more to people ages 10 to 12, even teenagers. I recommend it around that age because thats around the age where you start to become more curious about things out there in the world. You start to become more open and realize what you really are interested in and Percy Jackson and The Lightning Thief is a big(p) book to realize what types of book genre youre interested in & it helps show you that there is always a hidden potential inside of you.

Healthy Lifestyles Essay

Health lifestyles, in turn, are ways of living that make headway good wellness and longer life foresight as stated in the assignment. Health lifestyles that promote good health and longer life expectancy would be one where the mortal has contact with doctors and takes care of themselves completely. While going to the doctors and taking care of oneself is extremely important so is taking care of ourselves extraneous of the health care system. We have to eat a proper diet and exercise. Most importantly the person has to be able to stick with it and drink piddle to make sure that they are hydrated and do not get sick from exercising. The person also needs to get adequate amounts of rest. I call that one theory that would support this point of view would be the theory of the Looking- Glass Self (Cockerham, 2012). Cooleys concept of the looking glass self-states that each person grows when they interact with other community (Cockerham, 2012). How we look at ourselves comes from how other people perceive us. Actually, how we see ourselves does not come from who we really are, but rather from how we recall others see us. The reason I say that is because most people see themselves how others see them. Or what they think others see them as.In my opinion that is what encourages people to assume living and eating the right things. Exercising because of their self-image and what they think that others think about them. The second theory would have to be the theory of health lifestyles. I am unsure if this is an actual theory or not. Cockerhams theory basically states that individuals have the right to interpret their situation, as well as make choices. This is true, people do make their own decisions, however as he also pointed out that all social action takes place in contexts that imply both constraints and opportunities. By being able to choose to exercise, eat right and to see the doctor it is fully in that persons hand to live a healthy lifestyle. I would say reduce the amount of stress that you encounter especially if you know what causes you stress. Also exercise daily and eat healthy. The person should also get softwood of rest since sleeping too much or too little can worsen anyones mood. It is always a good idea to yard yourself when you are exercising though. You do not want to end up hurting yourself if you push yourself too hard in the beginning when you are exactly starting to exercise.The more you exercise the more your body will get used to it and you can exercise more and boost your endurance and stay healthy. I think there are eight (8) components to the model. Theywould be 1.) Class circumstances/ age/ gender/ race and or ethnicity collectives living conditions 2.) Socialization Experience 3.) flavour Choices, 4.) Life Chances (both 3 and 4 interplay) 5.) Dispositions to Act 6.) Practices, 7.) Alochol use, smoking, diet, exercise, checkups, seatbelts etc. 8.) Health Lifestyles (reproduction). I think that it is very ef fective even today. It still applies. The demographics and life choices makes sense when nerve-wracking to get someone to be healthy. They are still as valid and relate to present day situations as it did when the model in the study of health behavior and healthy lifestyle was first done.ReferencesCockerham, W. (n.d.). Medical Sociology (12th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ Pearson Education, Inc.

Identifying Factors Which Affect the Job Satisfaction of Nurses Essay

We live our lives aiming for satisfaction. The satisfaction we want to achieve can be from our studies, our business, our health status, our body image, or our jobs. In health care profession, the word The Determinants Of Job Satisfaction Among Registered Nurses discuss the contentment of nurses with their jobs. Job satisfaction has a lot of factors that affect it. These factors include workload, seek level, personal needs, environment, relationship with co-workers and supervisors, and the number of hours that they are working in a week. In one research by Kalist and Okoye, they used the question on how would a nurse best describe their feelings about their principal nursing position to determine their job satisfaction of a population of nurses.Then they came up with A nurse may respond to the question by indicating that she is either extremely satisfy, moderately satisfied, neither satisfied nor dissatisfied, moderately dissatisfied, or extremely dissatisfied (D. E. Kalist, I. N. Okoye, 2011). The sequel of their study concluded that age, marital status, gender, salary, hours of work, position, and setting are the factors affecting the job satisfaction of nurses. They also came up with a result that women are much satisfied with their jobs more than the male population and married women reported higher job satisfaction. We can observe that most married women are more stable on their jobs because they tend to find a job that would meet their expectations or a job that would last long for them.They have also gathered information which would remember that in managerial positions, they have higher job satisfaction compared to the ones in non-managerial position. But in a study done by C. G. Andrews and J. Allen in their article Analysis of Management and Employee Job Satisfaction, they have concluded that there is no significant relationship of job satisfaction between managerial and non-managerial position. Taking a closer look at their study, the populatio n involved does not come specifically from the nurses population. They conducted their study in a general workplace setting. We can theorize then that the nurses, specifically, consider their position when it comes to their satisfaction at their jobs.Another author included additional factors that affect the satisfaction of these nurses such(prenominal) as Recognition of frustrations, such as turnover, lack of internal empowerment, burnout, and, elimination of external sources of stress can decrease dissatisfaction in the health care setting (J.L. Kettle, 2002). Most of the factors discussed on the first-class honours degree article are regarding the physiological needs of the nurses which should be considered and are mostly being considered by health administrators. The factors discussed by J.L. Kettle though are more into the emotional which are mostly being ignored but actually has an impact when it comes to job satisfaction of nurses. Understanding the job satisfaction of nurs es is very significant in the role of a health care manager.Nurses are the ones who get in touch with the patient most of the time and they are the ones who improve the character of health care service given. Their satisfaction is very important just like the satisfaction of patients receiving the health care treatment. The emotional needs of nurses are as important as their physical needs. If their needs are being met, they will be able to provide a better service. Therefore, we can say that identifying and grounds the factors that affects the job satisfaction of nurses will definitely affect their performance.Peer SupportPeers Name Ma. Lyngee CaducoShe helped me pick a topic that is interesting for me and she discuss me on the formatting of this paper.ReferencesKettle, D.L. (2002). Factors Affecting Job Satisfaction in the Registered Nurse. Retrieved fromhttp//www.juns.nursing.arizona.edu/articles/Fall%202002/Kettle.htm Kalist, D.E, Okoye, I.N. (2001). The Determinants Of Job Satisfaction Among Registered Nurses. Retrieved fromhttp//journals.cluteonline.com/index.php/AJHS/article/view/6623/6699Andrews, C.G., Allen, J. (2004). Analysis of Management and Employee Job Satisfaction.Retrieved from http//digital.library.unt.edu/ark/67531/metadc31078/m1/1/

Diversity in Early Childhood Programs Essay

This essay is going to look at the various ways in which you canister identify and promote development opportunities for children of tot altogethery ages. It im fragmentise describe how the early grooming manakins assist in supporting the acquirement of early social classs children. This essay will overly explain how to intent activities in order to meet all the childrens chooses. Finally it will describe how to monitor lizard and assess the childrens learning by dint of a variety of assessment techniques. Within early learning provisions it is classic for them to support the childrens learning by following the guidelines counterbalance out for them by the early education framework in this country. There atomic number 18 two dissolves to the course of instruction framework in England Early Years Foundation Stages (EYFS) and the issue Curriculum. The EYFS sets the statutory standards that all early historic period earmarkrs must(prenominal) meet. This embarrasss all maintained schools, non-maintained schools, independent schools and all providers on the Early Years Register. (EarlyYears) The EYFS is set out for the age group three to five and it aims atomic number 18 to provide consistency between early years settings, by the use of goods and services of sh atomic number 18d resources and information thus promoting the same key concepts, skills and knowledge.The EYFS also aims to provide settings with a secure erectation which will allow all the children to get a yen with through school. Moreover the EYFS hopes to provide partnerships between incompatible practitioners and names or c arrs. They also hope to promote equality of opportunity for all children through the EYFS. The national curriculum contains the programmes of study and attainment targets for all subjects, at all key stages, except key stage 4. The national curriculum provides pupils with an introduction to the essential knowledge that they need to be educated citizens. The national curriculum is just one element in the education of every child The national curriculum provides an outline of subject matter knowledge around which teachers can develop exciting and stimulating lessons to promote the development of pupils knowledge, reasonableness and skills as part of the broad(a)r school curriculum. (Curriculum) The national curriculum is set out for children aged five and over, it leads all the way through until the age of sixteen. It is a set curriculum which ensures that standards are consistent and maintained across the country, the National Curriculum should be implemented in all schoolsafter children seduce reached their fifth birthday.Learning aims and objectives are put in place to ensure that activities plan meet the required needs in the chosen area of development. An aim is what you intend to introduce to the children, it should set the scene and limit the natural process to a certain type of activity although it does still need to b e flexible enough to incorporate change of direction if necessary. The objective is shows how this is going to be achieved. The objective should cleave the activity down into smaller units so it is measureable. For employment by the end of the day the children will be able to understand that heat causes ice to melt. An example of this was during placement at 5-8 age group I completed my observations, my aim was to promote their fine motor development and objectives were to observe during structured evasive action. Early years settings also provide learning opportunities for their children by using an integrated approach. This approach provides the children with a greater learning experience.The adult should integrate their planning into a theme. The lesson or session can be mapped and planned around the theme a big with the curriculum. For example if the theme is transport then the children can count the wheels on different vehicles in maths, read a story nigh transport in liter acy and in art the children can draw different vehicles. (IntegratedApproach) Within the school Im on placement on at the minute, 5-8, we read a house and offices theme, we confirm incorporated this into most of the activities and currently they are designing, writing about and constructing the houses. When on my previous placement with 0-3 years they had a Christmas theme whereby their activities were designed around this. They produced Christmas cards, completed dis rounds, sung songs about Christmas and read books all based on this theme. At my placement works with 0-3 they had a theme for one week on growing, the children that were able to have to draw pictures of themselves, they also had to bring pictures in from home of when they were little or of them over a period of succession so we could look at how theyd grown.When designing and teaching these activities it is important for the teachers to take into work out inclusion. There must non be whatsoever barriers stoppin g any child from learning, it is essential to remove these so all children can take part this does not just include special needs or specific needs children but everyone. Activities whitethorn need to be altered or separate in order for all the children totake part. Moreover it is essential for the school to promote an anti-discriminative practice, this is a fundamental part of early years care and education and it must be taken seriously.Discrimination get laids from legion(predicate) sources and not everyone will know what they are saying, this is why it is vital to tackle any remarks or actions immediately, in a sensitive manner, so everyone knows how important this issue is. At my placement which is age range 5-8 thither are children with speech difficulties, the teachers must ensure that they handle all the children as individuals and treat them fairly. They always include them in class discussions and give them the risk to answer just as like any other children. In my e xperience of working with 0-3 they ensure anti-discriminatory execute is maintained by providing ramps for push chairs and they also welcomed children from different cultures.Within an early years setting it is important to plan trenchantly so all areas of learning are mete outed and a wide range of activities are presented. Planning can be long, average or short shape and it will need to consider the curriculum as well as the individual needs of the children. The length of long term planning varies from setting to setting, most settings will see a long term plan as anything over six weeks, commonly in schools long term plans are for a whole academic year. Long term plans tend to include an outline of how the curriculum is to be delivered, a consideration of the themes that are used over the period. CCLD Long term plans mean that you plan activities and observations in pass along, you follow the curriculum when planning these and you have to be able to change and adapt your ac tivities to suit different situations.The length of a medium term plan or curriculum plan depends mainly up on the length of the long term plan. In the majority of schools the medium term plan shows coverage for a half term. The main features of a medium term plan include details of the types of activities of which are to offer, how the activities link to the EYFS or NC and the order the activities will be carried out. Medium term plans will include learning outcomes and will include themes and topics. defraud term plans show what is to happen each week or session these plans may be referred to as session planners or weekly planners. This sort of plan includes details such as staffing and resources, it also shows the order the activities will be carried out. Moreover it will display details of how activities will be adapted to provide opportunities for particular children. It will also set out the learning outcomes and show which activities will be assessed. Finally the short term p lan will butt against how the adult can support specific children through the activities and outside of these. At my placement 5-8 they have a whole week of working with money and understanding the different denominations at the end of the week the children have the golden box whereby the children who received the most gems for their work through-out the week are rewarded with prizes.Early years settings must cater for all children and their individual needs. When planning activities for young children it is important to take into account their specific needs. All activities must accommodate children at whatever take aim or with whatever need they have. It is important for the teacher to differentiate activities in order for all the children to take part. Within my placement 5-8 my teacher ensures there are different sized pencils out on the tables for all the children to use, she also makes sure there are right and left handed scissors out on the tables for those children who ne ed them. In my experience working with 3-5 I have also had to cater for a child who could not use sugar paper accordingly whenever we were doing creative activities I had to make sure she was using normal writing paper or card.Whenever planning activities it is important to make all the children feel equal, a child with an individual need should not be left out or be made to stand out from the rest. When planning activities and classes it is also essential to take into account children with IEPs (individual educational plan), this is so you know where they are at with their learning and you can help them to the full extent through-out activities. In accompaniment it is important to take into account different ways of teaching, some children may find it easier to learn if they are hands on doing practical work whereas others may find it easier if they are writing all the information down, so ensure that you cater for all these children in your plans. In order for activities to be s uitable for all children you will needto differentiate them, make sure theres levels within your activity. Within the classroom there should also be equipment for all children to use scissors which are left and right handed, paper which is suitable for all, big pencils and small ones. Changes should take place to make all the children feel the same no(prenominal) of them should stand out for being different.Through-out early years settings observations must be used this is to ensure you find out what stage of development the children are at. Once you know and understand which level each child is at you can match your activities to their ability and organise the activities to meet their needs. Within my placement 5-8 my teacher plans activities to coordinate with her observations that she has made throughout the year. The activities are differentiated according to ability. For literacy the children had to match up homes of different animals to the animal that lives there, for the le ss abled children they had to cut out the pictures and stick them unneurotic for the more abled children they had to write the sentences out below the pictures. Once observations have been completed on the children the teacher can use her data to effectively plan her lessons to cover the curriculum and meet the childrens needs.Within early years settings it is important that children take part in a variety of play. As all types of play provide learning opportunities for children it is essential that the day is varied to incorporate as many play activities as possible. Children should take part in activities which promote all areas of development. Within my placement 3-5 we had a role play area whereby the children could use their minds to create imaginative play. The soft play castle also gave the children a chance to use their imagination and develop their own play ideas. The various play activities can be categorized as imaginative play role play and home corners can come under t his category. Art activities and DT activities can be categorized as creative play. Within my placement 5-8 we did mendi patterns outside in the playground using chalk, as well as this developing their creative play it also promoted their physical motor development.Physical activities such as PE and play time can promote their gross physical development. Walking through fields and exploring the various animals and plants that you canfind can develop physical motor skills as well as the childrens exploratory skills. In my experience 0-3 a child discovers and promotes their development through sensory play, when outside the children played with sand, water, foam and jelly. The children were sit down playing in it with hard toys, they could discover how the different materials felt. It is important for children to also use ICT as this can support their learning. There are a wide variety of programmes that children can use to promote all areas of their learning. Within my placement we use a program which the children can control themselves, on this site there are activities for numeracy, literacy and art as well as most of the national curriculum. This site is accessible for key stage 1 and 2.Parent involvement tends to be encouraged within schools and early years settings as often parents and children can provide the skills and knowledge to introduce new ideas. For example a parent from another culture may be able to go in and show the children what their diet is like. Within my placement 5-8 a parent helper will come in every Tuesday afternoon to help with the activities that are on that day. The parent may help with reading and creative activities. There is also a parent who comes into placement and teaches athletics, she is a marathon runner herself so she often helps at sporting events and at athletics club.Within early years settings there are also occasions when professionals and agencies may get involved in providing learning opportunities for the childr en. Within my placement 5-8 a speech therapist will come in once a week to visit two children who have speech impairments, she will take them to one side for an hour to support them through their speech programme. Another professional who also comes into school is the sports teacher from the local leisure centre who teaches one PE lesson a week to each class.As part of the adult role within an early years setting you must ensure that all the correct resources are available for the children to use and that there are enough materials for any situation. The resources need to be sorted out in advance of an activity or situation either by the teacher or the school, depending on who provides them. The resources must be age appropriate, fit for purpose and all the children who are participatingshould be able to learn from the experience. Early years settings also need to consider whether the use of ICT would assist with the childrens learning. Within my placement 3-5 the staff would organi se their activities at least a week in advance and would pass on a list of anything they needed to the managers who would be able to buy the materials and resources. They could then discuss in advance how much of anything they needed and if for any reason something wasnt available they had time to change their activity.It is important for the adults within the setting to monitor the childrens learning. During activities the children should be monitored to make sure they are learning from these experiences. If the activity has been planned with aims and objectives, you should be able to determine whether the outcomes have been met this can be observed by discussion or observation. Participation levels should also be monitored to see how long children stay at the activities which have been set out and which ones are the most popular.Activities should grasp the childrens imagination and should stimulate their learning. The more winning an activity is the longer a child will want to be at it. At all my placements over the three age ranges I have evaluated the activities that I have carried out. Within my evaluations I have written about how long the children stayed there and whether they enjoyed it, I can use the information I found here to plan my activities for the future.Formative assessments are ongoing assessments that monitor the childrens strengths and weaknesses. This information can then be used to form informal separate of activities. Assistance can be provided to give children the opportunity to gain confidence in developing new skills and plenty of opportunities are provided to change the child to practise and master them.Summative assessments draw together all the information gathered about the children and it is often used to compile a written report. It is seen as a summing up of a childs progress to date. It is very difficult for practitioners to be completely objective when carrying out observations as they are used to working so close with the children this known as observerbias. The danger of observer bias is that the observer may bring in behaviours or skills of the child that fix their current view. One way of determining that this does not happen is to set clear aims for observations. It is important for adults to try and incorporate observations on skills into planned play activities, many children will not perform well if they know they are being watched.While at placement 5-7 the teacher will set out activities that enable her to observe the child carrying out the skills whilst in a normal play environment. If she would like to see their social development she may set up games that requires teamwork, or if she feels some of the children need to work on their fine motor development she may set up an area which get the children to put pegs in boards or use scissors to cut out pictures. When observing babies and young children it is important to remember that there play and interests change within a few days. As they discover more things within their world they will move from one interest to another.Once a child has been observed or assessed this information can be used to inform the future planning of activities which will help promote development for the individual child. Planning will only be effective if the information that is gained from observation is used to structure activities, and fulfil the childs developmental needs. For example if a child cannot use scissors do not provide them with an activity whereby they have to cut round a picture this may lower their self-confidence and self-esteem.Most evaluation criterias involve checking whether children have reached the intended learning outcomes, however this can be difficult to measure unless an assessment takes place during or after the activity. A child may have appeared to understand something or enjoyed playing with materials but they may not have necessarily learnt anything new. By building in assessments to activities practitioner s can see what the child has silent and learnt. It is important that assessments are not seen in any way as a test. Within my placement 3-5 a member of staff would often be in charge of observing activities and evaluating what they believe the children have gained from it. The staff member would also be able to ask questions and work alongside the children at the activity to see how much they havelearnt and understood.ReferenceSnaith, M. , Tassoni, P. , Squire, G. , (2007). , Childrens Care Learning and Development. , 2nd Ed. , Oxford. , Heinemann. IntegratedApproach. , Available at www.sagepub.com/upm-data/9679_010979.pdf. , Accessed on 29/04/14 Curriculum. , Available at http//www.schoolzone.co.uk/schools/NCres/docs/MASTER_final_national_curriculum_11_9_13_2.pdf . , Accessed on 29/04/14 EarlyYears. , Available at https//www.gov.uk/government/policies/improving-the-quality-and-range-of-education-and-childcare-from-birth-to-5-years/supporting-pages/early-years-foundation-stage. , A ccessed on 29/04/14

Research Strategy Paper. Stress

A vast amount of information about work-related stress is readily available. afterward doing a preliminary hunt club of keywords work related stress, I found that the guinea pig Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, the Center for Disease Control (CDC), Oxford universitys medical examination department, the US National Library of Medicine and the National Institute of Health all maintain sites which will be useful as sources for me. All of these sites are administered by well-known and legitimate organizations and loud be excellent sources of accurate and reliable information.They also include the results of professionally conducted clinical research studies. Additionally, the same keyword search conducted In the university of Phoenix library resulted In 330 sources available for research utilization. By focusing on these numerous sources, I will find relevant and guileless studies and material directly specific to work-related stress. An overview of my research strateg y process is summarized as follows Identify and select the problem/ root word. I have already decided my topic will be Work-Related Stress.Find and Identify the symptoms of the work-related stress that are everyday to the maorally of people affected by work-related stress and not to a specific line of achievement field or occupation. Find and identify the common causes that are relevant to the majority of people and not a specific career field or occupation. Find and identify both long-term and short-term health risks and benefits, if any, related to work- related stress. Identify the treatments available to reduce or eliminate work-related stress. Any practice of medicine prescribed for the treatment of stress must be approved by he Food and Drug Administration(FDA).Pipeline or experimental medication will not be considered. Develop conclusions related to the above research. Summarize research findings and conclusion in the form of a written report. In roam to effectivel y sterilize the most reliable information regarding work-related stress, I will utilize credible publications, books, articles, Journals and studies and I will reference all cited entropy. Utilizing both the Internet and the University of Phoenix library, I will search for, locate and compare legitimate data and studies to find profession.Different Jobs have different stresses and stress levels and I am trying to capture the common theme behind work-related stress as a general topic. I will verify the source of any potential research information by conducting some background checks on the author to hold that they are experts in their field. Once I have located and identified what I feel to be relevant data, I will compile the information for comparison. Only material meeting my specific research parameters will be utilized in order to secure consistency and trueness throughout all phases of my project.While conducting my research, I will combine both quantitative and qualitative research methods in order to ensure that my findings are reliable, unbiased and objective. Because I am not focusing on a specific career field or occupation, I will ensure that my research is objective and can be reproduced by data supported through studies and research conducted on people from various backgrounds, locations and professions. By comparing data collected from the different studies meeting my criteria, I will be able to effectively utilize consistent data and eliminate irregularities or other material not applicable to my particular search focus.The symptoms, causes and health risks must be consistent in all studies. Additionally, hours spent at work and work surround should be varied to ensure that the common causes and stresses are captured. Since my topic is medically related, my research will be more effective by utilizing the most youthful information and studies available. Medical technologies and research can evolve rapidly and therefore make older data and m aterial obsolete very quickly. Obtaining the most new and credible material will be key for my research topic.For the retirement portion of the research, I will limit studies to natural remedies or medication approved by the FDA. After combining and comparing all data that is applicable to my research of work related stress, the material will be reviewed again for accuracy and also to ensure that all material is objective. Conclusions will be drawn based on the findings and the results will be presented in a written report. References * (1) Retrieved from the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health website * http//www. CDC. Gob/nosh/programs/work/emerging. HTML

Dear Senator

Dear SenatorI am a long-time resident of Idaho, and I am writing to express my concern about recent handling and the pending decision to employ the Boulder White Cloud Wilderness Bill. I understand that the decision is being considered to enable the bill to be passed in the House of Representatives later this month.However, I do not believe that the benefits of the Wilderness Bill outweigh its inherent flaws. Consider Wilderness areas are selected to serve as safe havens and homes to our nations wild species they should not be treated as parcels of land to be purchased and used to build trophy homes for the wealthy. The further mold of the bill towards land use for motor vehicle recreation will disrupt the natural habitats of many animals, not to mention put people in harms way.Allowing the Bill to cater to ATV drivers, snowmobile enthusiasts and motorcyclists, will promote pollution, encourage greater numbers of vehicle accidents, and possibly lead to the deaths of unknowing victi ms that are attacked by greathearted preditors in the territory.It would seem that providing acreage for an official Wilderness Area would create longstanding natural resources. However, consider that the Bill all(a)ows nearly 3,000 acres of land to be dispense, free of charge for local Idaho counties to develop any way they deem appropriate. Would an incinerator, oil refinery or chemical plant built on the very acuteness of wilderness be appropriate? As already mentioned the Bill would also allow the purchase of land in the Sawtooth National Recreation Area for the building of trophy homes.A Wilderness Area should be for wilderness, not a human resort with spackled areas of rustic wealthy dwellings. Lastly, I have heard that the evince and local governments will have as much authority as the federal agencies to determine the process of fire hazard prevention within the boundaries of this area. If bulldozers and chainsaws repose into the picture unchecked, what will prevent ent ire forests from being razed?Are these tradeoffs that we really want to make? I am curious to know all of the details of this bill, rather than just the rumors I have read about and heard. I would also like to know your stance regarding the bill, and what actions you intend to take regarding its exploitation. I am looking forward to your response and insight on the matter.Sincerely,ReferencesBarker, R. (2003, December 8). In Boulder-White Cloud mountains, another wildernesscompromise. High Country News. Retrieved online June 21st, 2006, from http//www.hcn.org/servlets/hcn.Article?article_id=14429Ekker, T. (2006, February 15). Devil in the details of Boulder-White Cloud Wilderness Proposal.Lowbagger. Retrieved online June 21st, 2006, from http//lowbagger.org/boulderwhitecloud.htmlStahl, G. (2004, June 23). Boulder-White Cloud plan scrutinized. Idaho Mountain Express.Retrieved online June 21st, 2006, from http//www.mtexpress.com/2004/04-06-23/04-06-23wildcriticism.htm

An admission essay Essay

Finance is like art you have to analyse every aspect before making just a decision. I believe that if individual is good at art, he would be good at finance because you need logic everything has a set order and method. Each piece is dictated carefully and has a high significance amongst its environment. You need analytical skills to take apart every piece of information and use it to make your own decisions. aft(prenominal) three years studying at University of Tirana- Finance Department I am one time again seeking career advancement and this is the reason wherefore I applied to this program.Taking into lotation my foundation and my interests, graduating from this studying program is the next logical step. I have got ambition to climb the career ladder, precisely in my opinion to reach the highest positions you must be motivated to keep your skills updated and motivation is one of my greatest skills. Motivated from the above sentence my goal is to knead in a reputable investm ent bank or the treasury departments of an international bank. But also I would like to work as a financial advisor, which is my short term goal.My education has provided me with an excellent introduction to business, and they have sparked my interest in finance. I have the ability to pick up skills and companionship quickly and am independent enough to conduct my own study and research. I have become more flexible in identifying what concepts need to be used and when, thus, helping me achieve the greatest results possible are the studies of this program. This is the way my education contributed to my decision to enter the program.At this point in my life, I consider the studies of the program necessary since I need to gain a broader understanding of finance and to sharpen my analytical skills in order to be successful in corporate finance. This program leave behind assist me achieving my future career goals because it will allow me to concentrate in finance, strengthen my global business perspective, and provide me with the prospect to study with and learn from people with varied backgrounds. It will also help me to develop my self-confidence and will give me greater powers of resilience.Upon graduation from the program, I will seek a position as an associate within the corporate finance department of a large, Wall Street, investment-banking firm. In three to five years, once I have become adept in financial analyses, drafting prospectuses, preparing business presentations and other financial advisory work, I will move into a senior associate position. Here I will develop my abilities to anticipate client needs and to engineer solutions that address these needs. In approximately 10 years, I will have the experience necessary to take on upper-level management.

Affirmative Action: Racial Inequality

Michael Parkes Professor Minichillo Writing 1020 25 March 2013 Affirmative Action racial In constituteity After many an(prenominal) years of immigration, the United States has become a melting pot for mountain tot any toldy over the world with a wide-range of escapes and ethnicities. Although American culture emphasizes diversity and equal opportunity, its unique history of immigration has sh avouch that mass of different leans are non created equal. The White race is dominating throughout all aspects of the American society.Fact White males are 33% of the population, but 80% of tenured professors, 90% of the U. S. senate, 97% of domesticate superintendents, and 100% of U. S. Presidents (Jackson 9). What happens to the rest of the American races? Where are the Blacks, Latinos and Asians? Some experts believe that, concourse who belong to those groups are grossly misrepresented. In 1964, racial inequality in American was creation recognized as a hassle that needed to b e addressed on a national train. A systematic solution was urgently needed to address the racial inequality.Affirmative action was thus born in 1964 with the ideal of creating a best(p) society with equal chances of success for people from different secondgrounds and races. Broadly defined, approbative action refers to efforts to increase educational and employment opportunities for minorities and women. More specifically, it applies to various policies and programs designed to increase the number of minorities and women hired by government and manu positionure and admitted into colleges and universities. As good as the ideal sounded, we tolerate encountered many obstacles implementing the idea into reality.For many decades, because of its impact on individuals, races, and social economic classes, affirmative action has become a source of controversy and a emphasis of many heated debates. In his book, Hunger of Memory, Richard Rodriguez expressed his belief that affirmative a ction has devalued the achievements of people of color, and that a system that prefers one race over another is nothing more than another create of racism. For some individuals of nonage the existence of affirmative action is a threat rather than an support to their individual(prenominal) success.They believe that affirmative action undermines their personal achievements. Granting certain privileges to nonage groups creates the perception that their positions were given to them rather than realize and that minority people are incapable of competing with white people. Richard Rodriguez testifies to this with his personal experience. Growing up in a poor Mexican immigrant family, he has invested a tremendous amount of effort to achieve the donnish level of a scholar. To him it was a scholarship boys dreams come true (Rodriguez 164). However, his academic success was always associated with his minority status.Mr. Rodriguez speaks his dreadful feelings towards such an association. Mr. Rodriguez was extremely sensitive astir(predicate) the issue. He believes that being labeled as a minority has put him in a position that he can never compete with other people without prejudice. Meanwhile, the supporters of affirmative action believe that being racially conscious is merely acknowledging ones social identity. Understanding ones own social identity means recognizing the differences as well as the advantages and disadvantages of being an individual in a diverse society.Affirmative action simply gives people who are socially disadvantaged a leg up so that they can compete equally with rest of the society. In an 800-meter race, the runner at the outermost passage gets to start ahead of the runner at the innermost lane, simply because it is a longer run to achieve the race at the outer lane than the inner lane. This analogy can be applied to the racial disadvantages of minority students as well. Because of their lack of educational resource and unfavorable study environment, they have to endure many more difficulties to achieve the same academic goals of the majority.Affirmative action is simply putting them ahead of the starting situation to finish the longer run. Not all minority races are on an equal ground. Statistics show that about 12 % of Whites, 15% of Asians, and 30% of Blacks and Latinos are under the poverty line 42% of Asian, 25% of White, and plainly less than 14% of Black and Latino adults finish college. The numbers clearly show that Asian Americans are way ahead of other racial minorities with respect of income and education, despite the fact that Asian Americans have the least amount of population and shortest history of immigration among the key minority races in the United States.Some people headland that, Asian Americans have made it without affirmative action so why cant everyone else? It is a recognizable fact that Asian Americans have extraordinary performance on their educational achievements they are nowhere near being misrepresented in higher educational institutions. Thus, Asian Americans have sometime been imaged, as model minority by opponents of affirmative action to perpetuate the idea that affirmative action is unnecessary for racial-class advancement.However, if we step back from the campus and look at the bigger picture, we cannot overlook the reality that the racial discrimination still exists in all aspects of modern society. Asian people as a minority group are no ejection as victims of a much broader system. At government jobs and management level jobs in large corporations, Asian Americans are in no doubt under the confinement of the glass crownwork. Because Asian Americans continue to be subjected to racist stereotyping and scapegoating, there is still a need for affirmation action to break the glass ceiling and experience it a fair game for all.While the ideal of affirmative action is to assist the disadvantaged, and give them an aid in the race of social competition, th e racially based system certainly could not accurately differentiate the poor and socially disadvantaged from a few elite individuals within the same racial group. lxxx five percent of African Americans are under the poverty line, while two percent of them have a yearly income over 150K. There are also a considerable number of Whites who are categorized as under-class. The priority given to race over class has inevitably exacerbated white racism.Purely race determined preference does not justify the purpose of affirmative action on many occasions. The empty discrimination seems to have a firm ground at some higher educational institutions, which design affirmative action on their admission processes. Cases like those of University of loot have certainly heated up the smoking controversy. Jennifer Gratz, a White university applicant sued the University of Michigan for denying her application because of the schools racially conditioned admission policy.At the University of Michig an as well as many other universities around the country, minority group students receive 20 extra points when they apply. This gives them a considerable jump to their chances of being authentic over White students with same academic level. It whitethorn sound disturbing to many people one person may be accepted by the top university over another person just because of his/her race. In an effort to improve the electric current affirmative action, many scholars have proposed that we should consider social class as a determining agent instead of race. Among them,Richard Rodriguez believes that a class based, as opposed to a racially based system may be a better solution to help the disadvantaged. By judging an individual based on his or her class instead of race, schools and other social institutions can assist those who are really are in need. As good as the idea sounds, still others believe that class oriented affirmative action is misleading. Affirmative action was designed to h elp racial inequality with respect to class stratification, not to resolve class inequality. The class stratification is a by-product of a capitalistic economic system.It exists now, and impart exist for as long as the capitalist society persists. Social class stratification is everyday to all countries with capitalist economic systems in varies of degrees, even in racially pure countries like the UK, France, and Japan. When race is not a factor, the hierarchical structure of class stratification remains the same, but the people that make up the class may change over time without the barrier that concerns about their race. This forms a dynamic, unchanging class system. However, when race is being introduced into the matter, there are physical features to stereotype peoples class allocation.Discrimination becomes institutionalized. It prevents class ordure for colored people. The systematical solution affirmative action thus was designed to compensate for these discriminating fa ctors that are fateful in a diverse society such as ours. After hearing all the voices, both satisfied or disappointed, enthusiastic or pessimistic, it is evident that affirmative action is certainly an exciting and hitherto elusive topic. It is far from perfect, and flawed in many aspects, but the goals and ideals of affirmative action are definitely encouraging.Like all grand missions over history, its goal of creating a utopia of equal opportunities for people of all backgrounds and colors is no doubt a difficult one, if not impossible. Democracy does not come overnight, and it is under constant challenge, debate, and amendment. Therefore, I believe that we should not abandon such a policy, but to embrace it, perfect it, and apply it to all areas of social institutions where discrimination is evident. While living in a diverse society, we should accept our differences, and not keep our compassion for people in need.We should let all people who value freedom and the idea of eq ual opportunity share the American Dream. Works Cited Bender, David. Affirmative Action. San Diego Greenhaven Press Inc, 1996. King, Sabrina. Racism and Racial Inequality Implications for instructor Education. Washington, D. C. American Association Of Colleges, 2002. Web. Rodriguez, Richard. Huger of Memory The Education of Richard Rodriguez. New York Bantam Books, 1982. Rosenblum, Marc. Racial Inequality. Seattle, WA Monthly Labo Review, 1986. Print.

Ap Bio Unit Packet 38-40

Lissette Rivera Chapters 38-40 dissolver all questions on looseleaf or type the answers in from the website and print. explode A 1. Draw a general diagram of the life calendar method of birth control of a seed put. Indicate which steps be monoploid and which are diploid. 2. Define microsporogenesis and megasporogenesis. In what portion(s) of the unfold does each(prenominal) of these makees occur? What is the end product of each process? Microsporogenesis produces our microspores. It occurs in the sporangia of the anther in flowers.Four haploid microspores are produced when the m some early(a) cell undergoes meiosis. Each microspore develops into a pollen grain. Megasporogenesis occurs in the sporangium of the ovule of a flower. After meiosis, the embryo theca is produced (egg, nucei, antipodal cells, synergids). 3. Draw and label all parts of a plump out flower. Indicate the functions of the major parts. 4. What is pollenation? How does it differ from dressing? Pollinat ion is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of the plant through wind, animals, insects, etc.It differs from fertilization in that fertilization is caused by pollination. Pollination also only occurs in plants whereas fertilization can occur to reproduction in all plants and animals. Pollination 5. Draw and label a mount up ovule. Include the micro-pyle, integuments, nucellus, synergids, polar nuclei, egg, and anti-podals. Indicate the functions of each of these structures. 6. What stages of the life cycle are eliminated or bypassed when plants are cloned by nature? When plants are cloned on the farm or in the laboratory? The gametophyte generation is bypassed when plants are cloned naturally.When plants are cloned on the farm or in the laboratory, sideslip small pieces of plants can be grown into a complete plant. 7. What does the science of plant biotechnology do that artificial selection and/or cloning practices dont do? Biotechnology adds genes from oth er organisms to plants, which other artificial selection or cloning practices does not do. PART B 1. One of the problems associated with growing plants in space is lack of sobriety. a. How does gravity affect the normal developing of a plants cool offs, stems, and other parts? Explain the mechanisms involved.Under gravity, auxin accumulates on the lower side of the root and stems, and slows down elongation of cells in the grow under high concentrations. Auxin concentrations with 10-8 and 10-4 stimulate proton pumps. Enzymes break crosslinks between cellulose molecules and offer the cell to elongate. b. How would a lack of gravity affect normal growth? Seeds rely on the gravitropic responses when theyre underground under absence o flight. c. Propose mechanisms to overcome the problems associated with a lack of gravity. Plant orientation course is impacted by light. It counteracts lack of gravity.Ap Bio Unit Packet 38-40Lissette Rivera Chapters 38-40 Answer all questions on loos eleaf or type the answers in from the website and print. PART A 1. Draw a general diagram of the life cycle of a seed plant. Indicate which steps are haploid and which are diploid. 2. Define microsporogenesis and megasporogenesis. In what portion(s) of the flower does each of these processes occur? What is the end product of each process? Microsporogenesis produces our microspores. It occurs in the sporangia of the anther in flowers.Four haploid microspores are produced when the mother cell undergoes meiosis. Each microspore develops into a pollen grain. Megasporogenesis occurs in the sporangium of the ovule of a flower. After meiosis, the embryo sac is produced (egg, nucei, antipodal cells, synergids). 3. Draw and label all parts of a complete flower. Indicate the functions of the major parts. 4. What is pollination? How does it differ from fertilization? Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of the plant through wind, animals, insects, etc.It d iffers from fertilization in that fertilization is caused by pollination. Pollination also only occurs in plants whereas fertilization can occur to reproduction in all plants and animals. Pollination 5. Draw and label a mature ovule. Include the micro-pyle, integuments, nucellus, synergids, polar nuclei, egg, and anti-podals. Indicate the functions of each of these structures. 6. What stages of the life cycle are eliminated or bypassed when plants are cloned naturally? When plants are cloned on the farm or in the laboratory? The gametophyte generation is bypassed when plants are cloned naturally.When plants are cloned on the farm or in the laboratory, cutting small pieces of plants can be grown into a complete plant. 7. What does the science of plant biotechnology do that artificial selection and/or cloning practices dont do? Biotechnology adds genes from other organisms to plants, which other artificial selection or cloning practices does not do. PART B 1. One of the problems assoc iated with growing plants in space is lack of gravity. a. How does gravity affect the normal growth of a plants roots, stems, and other parts? Explain the mechanisms involved.Under gravity, auxin accumulates on the lower side of the root and stems, and slows down elongation of cells in the roots under high concentrations. Auxin concentrations with 10-8 and 10-4 stimulate proton pumps. Enzymes break crosslinks between cellulose molecules and allow the cell to elongate. b. How would a lack of gravity affect normal growth? Seeds rely on the gravitropic responses when theyre underground under absence o flight. c. Propose mechanisms to overcome the problems associated with a lack of gravity. Plant orientation is impacted by light. It counteracts lack of gravity.

North Carolina Gubernatorial Election

The option for governor of North Carolina proved to be tightly contested travel with Richard Vinroot the re normalan candidate gaining endure in the weeks immediately prior to the election. Mike Easley had an early advantage, being the elective incumbent. Easley was the make better-known and better-financed candidate, which helped him to an early advantage. However, during the final weeks of the campaign the advantage swung to Vinroot as undecided takers were swept up in a republican surge lead by the momentum gained by presidential candidate Bush.With the gubernatorial race growing ever closer, the candidates position on issues began to stand out as the find factor for many voters. Thus, Democrat Mike Easley was able to gain an advantage not because of ships company affiliation, barely the due to his stance on meaning(a) issues, one important issue being breeding. So how did the numbers stake up? Well the final elections showed Mike Easley receiving 1,492,170 votes or 52 percent of the vote Richard Vinroot received 1,335,862 votes or 47 percent of the vote the rest of the vote being split betwixt the Libertarian and Reform candidates .The 2000 North Carolina gubernatorial election was closely contested and would be decided not principally according party affiliation, but by the candidates stance on study issues. The democratic candidate for governor Mike Easley has a difficult background, which brought him public favor and votes. Michael F. Easley is 50 years old, was innate(p) in Nash County, received a degree in Political Science from the University of North Carolina, and gained a faithfulness degree from North Carolina Central University.Easley served as a District Attorney, which gained him a reputation due to his quest of drug traffickers. Easley was elected the Attorney General of North Carolina in 1992. He was re-elected in 1996 by a large margin receiving 60 percent on the vote. While he was Attorney General, Easley gained a strong r eputation, Easley sought to reduce violent crimes by pushing for a new sentencing structure and removal of the prison house cap. Easley was fairly successful, Since he took office in 1993, the rate of violent crime in North Carolina has travel by more than 15%.Easley withal gained a strong reputation due to his efforts of attacking consumer fraud, creating a Citizens Rights Division, and increasing the environmental section with the creation of an Environmental Crimes Task Force. As Attorney General, Easley similarly contributed to the national tobacco settlement, and Brought nearly $5 billion in revenue to North Carolina to protect farmers, communities and the public health. 2 Mike Easleys stance on important issues played an important grapheme in the election. One important issue, which Easley highlighted, was his envision for patients rights.His plan includes patient privacy and a dust that would provide prescription drugs for the elderly. While campaigning Easley outlined his plan for patients rights, however he made it appargonnt that his major concern was his No Excuses approach to didactics. The main points in Easleys plan are smaller class sizes, and a pre-kindergarten program. The staple of Easleys plan is not to raise taxes, with financial support coming from a state lottery. Easleys focuses on three aspects in his education plan share education, alternative schooldayss, and dress codes.Easleys education plan states, In order to enhance academic mathematical process and safety in our public schools, we must nurture the personal character of young people mend demanding that all students be disciplined and appropriately attired. Candidate Mike Easley brought his strong reputation, and stance on important issues to the gubernatorial campaign in order to gain popular support. Richard Vinroot the Republican candidate for governor in like manner brought his strong reputation and background to the campaign trail.Vinroot like Easley also had a long list of credentials and a strong background, which helped him win public favor. Vinroot was awarded a Morehead Scholarship to the University of North Carolina at Chapel pitcher were he received a degree in business administration and later his law degree. Vinroot is also a Vietnam veteran and was awarded a Bronze Star for his service. In 1991, Vinroot was elected mayor of Charlotte and was re-elected in 1993. As mayor of Charlotte Vinroot think on crime, while he was mayor crime dropped 17 percent.Vinroot also focused on taxpayer relief. One of the major issues in Vinroots campaign was also education. Vinroot made it apparent that he supported tax paid vouchers, which gives parents a choice to send their children to the school of their choice. Vinroots plan supports hearth schooling and vouchers for children to attend private schools. Vinroot also supports a pay system for t from each oneers based on merit. Vinroots main stance during the campaign was that he continually p romised to never raise taxes and offered real change in education.Richard Vinroot gained public support in the gubernatorial campaign with a strong personal background, and by pronouncing never to raise taxes. The Reform candidate, Douglas Schell, and Libertarian candidate, Barbara Howe, offered voters additional choices for governor. However, both candidates played an insignificant role in the election with each candidate receiving about one percent of the vote. Similarly to Easley and Vinroot, both candidates main issue was education. Howes education plan was a tax-based scholarship system giving the student an option when it comes to education.Schells stance on education was a plan for initiating a minimum salary for teachers, and focusing on discipline and school standards. However, both candidates were severely under funded lacking the resources like Easley and Vinroot were able to attain. Thus, the Reform and Libertarian candidates played an insignificant role in the election. Richard Vinroot the republican candidate for governor hoped to ride the coattails of George Bush. Vinroot did gain support because of Bush strength in North Carolina, but this only helped make the race contested.However, Vinroot was unable to seize upon Bushs support in North Carolina to become governor. Vinroot tried to play the connection with Bush to the fullest, thus making a late comeback. Unfortunately for Vinroot, several other factors caused Mike Easley to seize the election. The election showed that image, personality, and more importantly stance on issues wins votes rather than party affiliation. An important factor is swaying voters to Easley was his standing on important issues, especially the education issue. Easley was able to gain votes by strongly opposing tax-paid vouchers for education.In addition, Easleys plan for education was more widely accepted including his pushing for a state lottery to pay for education. Some distinctions that caused the party rending in North Carolina, was Easleys stance on education. Image and personality also played primaeval factors in Mike Easleys election win. These traits where made apparent to voters in the campaigning through the numerous television ads and in the debate. Television ads played an important role in the campaigns of both candidates. Easley, due to better finance was able to run more television ads, allowing him to run more issue-focused ads.Conversely, Vinroot ran many ads attacking Easley in an effort to label him as a liberal, and associate of Al Gore. Vinroots attacks gave him an aggressive image, which hurt him in the election. Vinroots aggressive image was also apparent in the one television debate, Vinroot even grabbed Easleys arm during the debate. Television ads also helped contribute to Mike Easleys election win, especially the ads Easley ran the weekend forrader the election. Easleys last television ads played upon the popularity of actor Andy Griffith, who endorsed Easley in thos e final ads.Image and personality are important to voters and these characteristics favored Mike Easley. The first North Carolina governor of the 21st century won an election that became tightly contested due to party affiliation. However, in the end it was not party affiliation that was the determining factor in the election. The determining factors in the election were the candidates stance on major issues, namely the issue of education, and the candidates image and personality. Richard Vinroot made the election contested by playing heavily on the popularity of George W.Bush this did not however carry him into office. Voters broke party lines and voted for the candidate who high hat addressed their needs. Mike Easley was able to win because he promised to improve education without raising taxes due to a state lottery. Richard Vinroot had a chance in the gubernatorial election by trying to ride the coattails of George W. Bush, but when it came down to it voters concerned themselv es not with party affiliation, but concerned themselves with the current issues, with the greatest emphasis on the issue of improving education.

Computers Will Soon Replace Books Essay

There has been a lot of talk latterly concerning the possibility of ready reckoners replacing the position of books in our life. I believe it is truly possible. Many geezerhood ago, concourse used books for everything related to teaching. In fact, the humans best source of knowledge and education was the book. notwithstanding computers have gained popularity in a very short amount of time and every wiz at least has one somewhere around their house. We have the need to use computers for everything. All we have to do is give the computer instructions and it does all the hard work for us.I am going to discuss the benefits that computer has to whirl to its users. Firstly, computers ar much better than books because a modern computer can hold a million times to a greater extent information than the average 400-800-page book. If you compliments to do a research nigh anything, it would analyze you at least an hour just to retrieve the right book but by victimization a computer , you can find the same information in less than 5 minutes. Many slew including me use the internet as a dictionary, finding definitions, so this way only takes the time to fount the word.A laptop computer equal to the size and weight of a book holds data about any topic you can think of. A book only covers a specific topic. A computer can hold much more types of data than a book. When you carry one computer, you are carrying a hundred thousand books. Secondly, everyone would agree that an e-books cost much less to produce and less to secure than an actual paper books. The information in a digital format can be divided up easily by email or by copying the files onto someone elses computer or simply by transferring it into your USB drive.It is also easier to edit the information. This makes it overall more convenient for students who might not be able to afford one copy of a book each and who dont want to make notes and underline points. Free information means at least cheap educa tion. Who would not the likes of a cheaper education? There are numerous websites like Google (search free textbooks in your subject area) and Google books, sanction students with a limited budget to get what they want without having to spend large amounts of cash.Free e-books make education accessible and cheap thus more widespread. Last but not least, the most obvious campaign why computers are making our lives better is by reducing the number of trees that are cut trim back for the production of books. I agree that an eBook is not 100 percent green and is far from it. But if you are comparing eBooks to other paperback books, eBooks certainly take the lead. According to The e-Book Apocalypse article, twenty-four trees are compulsory to produce a ton of paper for printing books, and twelve are needed for a ton of newsprint.Thirty-five percent of those books printed are destroyed before they are even read. In 2009, eBook readers took off and the up-to-the-minute reading trend began to grow. In 2010, these reading devices became more popular and started sparking the attending of people everywhere. Some of this attention came from the idea that this new was a huge breakthrough in an effort to save our planet, which I find most definitely possible. To conclude, I understand change, whether it is for the good or the bad, is always a difficult and disquieting thing.That is the only reason why the whole world has not yet made the shift from handed-down books to e-books. Now, there might be few advantages to paper. But I see a lot more advantages to digital. The fact that I now carry about a hundred books with me, wherever I go, that I can read whenever I want, outweighs any advantage a paper book could give me. digital books are here to stay and there is no doubt that within a few years we will look at paper books as something saved from the past.

Commercial Law

ABDUL RASHID ABDUL MAJID v ISLAND GOLF PROPERTIES SDN BHD 1989 3 MLJ 376 ISSUE In this grimace, the issues is whether the board was entitled to charge and aggregate fees known as development fees from members? PRINCIPLES The defendants owned, managed and operate a social golf club. Membership of the club is of the pursual types which are honorary membership, mediocre membership, ordinary transferable membership, subscribing membership, institutional corporate membership, expatriate transferable membership, ordinary social membership, term membership and visiting membership.Under the Rule 3 of the clubs rules provided, suppress alia, that the club was a proprietary club, of which the defendants were the proprietors with a board of directors responsible for the policies, management and operation of the club. Rule 5 of the rules provided, inter alia, that all members shall non, by reason of his membership, be under any financial liability keep out for payment of his annual subsc ription and any opposite sums due under or levied under the rules and by laws to the defendants. The complainant is an ordinary transferable membership.The plaintiff applied to become a member of the club by submitting the requisite practical application form and duly executed a result contained at that placein which states, inter alia, that he legitimate and agreed that the board of the defendants had touch on responsible for the policies, management and operation of the club with the ply to increase inlet fees and subscription and to levy and additional charges to meet expenditure and it also has the sole right to amend, vary, add to or say such rules, impairment and conditions of the club including the withdrawal or addition of benefits and privileges of members as if may in its dogmatic discretion deem necessary. 1Page The board sought to levy and collects the development fees pursuant to its power under the rules. Rule 33 of the clubs rules provided, inter alia, th at the board shall be the sole role for the interpretation of the rules and by laws make there under and that the decision of the board shall be final and back on all members.The principle that is under Section 2 (a) of the subjugates spot 1950, a design is made when one person signifies to a nonher his willingness to do or to abstain from doing anything with a view to obtaining the assent of that other to such act or abstinence. Moreover, the proposal is invitation to treat which an invitation to make quip, negotiate or deal and has no legal consequence and cannot be true to bring a pinch into existence. The communication of a proposal is complete when it comes to the knowledge of the person to whom it made which under Section 4(1) of the Contracts Act 1950. This means that an offer or proposal is effective once it is communicating to the offeree by the offeree.Besides that, under Section 10 of the Contracts Act 1950 is already mention that all agreement are contract if the y are made by the still consent of parties competent to contract, for a lawful consideration and with a lawful object and are not hereby expressly declared to be void. The situation is similar in the case of Bomanji Ardeshir Wadia & Ors v secretary of State AIR (1929) PC 34 wherein it the decision of the Privy Council was said nothing is better colonized than that when parties have entered into a formal contract that contract must be construed according to its own terms and be explained or interpreted by the antecedent communing which led up to it. Another related case is Baker v Jones & Ors (1954) 2 All ER Lynskey J said that the contract is contained in, or to be implied from the rules. The courts must consider such a contract as they would consider any other contract.Although parties to a contract may in general, make any contract they like, there are certain limitations enforce by public form _or_ system of government and one of those limitations may be that parties cannot, b y contract, oust the ordinary courts from jurisdiction. 2Page JUDGEMENT The court held that declaring that the defendants board was not entitled to levy and collects the fees because the plaintiffs application for membership was merely a preliminary step. The offer for membership came from the defendants after they had considered the plaintiffs application. The contract amongst the plaintiff accepted the offer by making the payment of the entrance fees and the first subscription. Therefore, the declaration in the application forms as not part of the contract. It is just an antecedent communication. The only contract between the plaintiff and the defendants was the rules of the club.The authority to levy fees must clearly be given by the rules of the club and there was no such authority under the rules. Rule 33 clearly made the board the sole authority for the interpretation of the rules and as it purported to oust the court from their jurisdiction the rule was contrary to public po licy and therefore void. 3Page CONCLUSION The conclusion for this case is the board was not entitled to levy and collect fees known as development fees from members. For the interpretation of the rules, this is contrary to public policy and therefore void. Thus, a declaration of intention or an invitation to treat, so, all fees collected as development fees are repaid to the plaintiff and be to be paid by the defendants.Otherwise, the offer must be communicated to the offeree which under Section 9 of the Contract Act 1950 is the exercise of power by the offeree indicating his assent to the transaction in response to the offer. The communication of an offer or a proposal is deemed to have been made by any act or slackness of the party proposing by which he intends to communicate the proposal or which has the effect of communicating it. Therefore, the declaration in the application form was not part of the contract unless the plaintiff make pay sum of the fees which dressing the ru les of the club. It is normal for parties in the course of preliminary negotiation to make statements to each other but not all statement can be taken as an offer that can be accepted to bring about a contract. 4Page

The Iliad Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Iliad - Essay ExampleIn small-army scenes, the warriors or the narrator decl ar that this is what they are fighting for, not victory but per word of honoral value (VII, 290 XVI, 731). There is often an oddly discerning tone in Homers words, implying that while the war is terrible and ugly, it is the only way for this honor to be won, and therefore it is regrettably necessary. Perhaps the clearest single example of this is Priams famous declaration to his son Hector that the spear-mangled corpse of a young man, certainly an unpleasant image, is nonetheless by their lights seemly (XXII, 71). A closely-related theory is the honor of obligation, what it is adjust and proper to do in a given situation. One of the closely obvious examples of this is the central falling-out between Achilles and Agamemnon that leads Achilles to go on strike in the first place. Achilles feels that he is authorise to claim Briseis as spoils of war, but Agamemnon says that if he is to be deprived of Chryseis, as king he has the right to claim another woman lest he not have any spoils at all (I, 120). To fresh eyes, questions of protocol over who gets to rape whom dont seem healthy at all, but at the time, it was a vital enough question that Achilles is ready to kill Agamemnon on the spot over it (I, 191) until genus Athene intervenes. Fifteen books later, Achilles is still maintaining that Agamemnons crime was failure to respect Achilles proper rights, and thus he is confirm in continuing to sit out the war (XVI, 59). Similarly, there are very strict protocols for the manipulation of death, the punctilious observance of which is vital at many points in the story. Hector prefigures his eventual fate when he makes his challenge to the Achaeans, making them swear that whoever slays him can keep his armor, but must convey his body seat to his family (VII, 80). He repeats this principle as his dying words to Achilles (XXII, 338). Book XXIII is given over altogether to the fune rary rites and games for Patroclus, who at that point has been dead since the end of book XVI. It might seem odd, from a pedestal of dramatic structure, to devote nine hundred lines to what amounts to sports commentary when one is nearly at the end of the story. What the inclusion body of book XXIII shows us, though, is the pious and correct observance of full funerary rites. Those nine hundred lines of cannonball along and archery and so on are meant as a demonstration of the Achaeans doing the right and proper thing. The twain moral wrongs of Achilles, as presented by Homer, are his abandonment of the pursuit of glory (Books I-XVII) and his failure to do the right and true(p) thing, particularly in regard to Hectors body. When Hector begged with his dying breath for decent and honorable treatment of his corpse, Achilles instead spends quite a long time mangling the corpse. This is directly contrary to the will of the gods, as demonstrated by Apollos keeping the corpse intact and inviolate (XIV, 20). This makes it both dishonorable and impious, two sins that ensure that Achilles is on the downhill slope to his long-prophesied death. At the juncture of time and the death observances we encounter the concept of kleos, or the glory after death. This is what is promised to Achilles if he chooses a short but glorious life, it is what Hector offers the man who will face him in battle (VII, 90), it is what every Greek hero hopes to win. To be esteemed not only by

Evolution of Roles and Societal Perspectives on Aging Essay

Evolution of Roles and societal Perspectives on Aging - Essay ExampleBefore the World War II there appe bed umteen new theories on aging that have a quite different view on it. The voice surmisal that was applied before the war time had the following critical elements older people do not just waste there time - but get new experience and hold new meaning in life. It also claims that the majority of suppurated people do not regard to lessen their roles significance. The proponents of this theory also claimed that roles become vaguer with aging.The post war period was common sense with the new theory on aging disengagement. It says that because of inevitable declines with age, people become decreasingly involved with the out(p)er ball and become more interior in anticipation of death (Bath 2003). This theory also explained the transition of force out from the old to the young. The next theory to consider is the continuity theory. It claims that with aging a person works out some new patterns of behavior and the life satisfaction depends greatly on how these patterns correlate with the past experience. The system of the continuity theory is central personality traits become more pronounced with age or they are retained without many changes (Moody, 2006). One can make a deduction here that those people age successfully who keep to their habitual roles in life.The modernization theory that appeared in the 80s defines quadruplet elements that encourage economic development urbanization, education, techological changes and development, and economic production growth. As a result of these four factors interwork the theory deducts that while in traditional societies the role of older people is still active, in modern societies they discharge all the power and do not bring any advancement to it. Modernization brings about decline of small and cosy communities where older people played sagnificant role. Moreover, modernization adds to